Compulsory Voting Fever in Latin America: Lessons for Colombia
La fiebre del voto obligatorio en América Latina: lecciones para Colombia
Article Sidebar
PDF (Español (España))
FLIP
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Main Article Content
Latin America concentrates the largest number of democracies that practice compulsory voting in the world. However, empirical studies on its effects in the region are rare. This research evaluates the impact that compulsory suffrage has had on electoral participation in Latin American countries, depending on the severity of the sanctions applied to abstentionists. It then analyzes the effects that compulsory voting has shown in the comparative experience on variables other than voting turnout, such as individual freedom, the quality of the vote, the social gap in electoral participation, income distribution, corruption, and the legitimacy of the democratic system of government. It also addresses the ambiguity of the normative debate that surrounds the discussion about the convenience of mandatory voting for democracy. Finally, it presents a critical summary of the argumentative poverty that has characterized the legislative initiatives that have attempted to adopt compulsory voting in Colombia.
Downloads
Article Details
Abitbol, P. y Botero, F. (2006). Teoría de elección racional: estructura conceptual y evolución reciente. Colombia Internacional, 62(2006), 132-145. https:// doi.org/10.7440/colombiaint62.2005.08 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7440/colombiaint62.2005.08
Affeldt, S. (1999). The force of freedom: Rousseau on forcing to be free. Political Theory, 27(3), 299-333. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0090591799027003001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0090591799027003001
Becerra, R. (2015). El precio del voto y la democracia [obra inédita]. https://bit. ly/3BAdBWh
Beleño, Y. y Vásquez, J. (2017). El voto obligatorio en Colombia. Ánfora, 24(42), 139-164. https://doi.org/10.30854/anf.v24.n42.2017.168 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30854/anf.v24.n42.2017.168
Berlin, I. (2004). La traición de la libertad. Seis enemigos de la libertad humana. Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Birch, S. (2008). Full participation. A comparative study of compulsory voting. United Nations University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719077623.001.0001
Blais, A. (2000). To vote or not to vote? The merits and limits of rational choice theory. University of Pittsburgh Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt5hjrrf
Brennan, J. (2012). Libertarianism: what everyone needs to know. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780199933891.001.0001
Brennan, J. (2014). Part I. Medicine worse than disease? Against compulsory voting. En J. Brennan y L. Hill, Compulsory voting (pp. 3-107). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139649742
Carey, J. y Horiuchi, Y. (2017). Compulsory Voting and Income Inequality: Evidence for Lijphart’s Proposition from Venezuela. Latin American Politics and Society, 59(2), 122-144. https://doi.org/10.1111/laps.12021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/laps.12021
Cepaluni, G. e Hidalgo, F. (2016). Compulsory Voting Can Increase Political Inequality: Evidence from Brazil. Political Analysis, 24(2), 273-280. https://doi. org/10.1093/pan/mpw004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpw004
Chong, A. y Olivera, M. (2008). Does compulsory voting help equalize incomes? Economics & Politics, 20(3), 391-415. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468- 0343.2008.00336.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00336.x
Congreso de la República de Colombia (2006). Gaceta del Congreso de Colombia n.o 356 del 8 de septiembre de 2006.
Congreso de la República de Colombia (2014). Gaceta del Congreso de Colombia n.o 364 del 24 de julio de 2014.
Congreso de la República de Colombia (2019). Gaceta del Congreso de Colombia n.o 816 del 6 de septiembre de 2019.
Congreso de la República de Colombia (2020). Gaceta del Congreso de Colombia n.o 818 del 1 de septiembre de 2020.
Congreso de la República de Colombia (2021). Gaceta del Congreso de Colombia n.o 936 del 5 de agosto de 2021.
Corte Electoral de la República Oriental del Uruguay (1970). Ley n.o 13.882 de 15 de septiembre de 1970. https://bityl.co/AuVw
Dassonneville, R., Hooghe, M. y Miller, P. (2017). The impact of compulsory voting on inequality and the quality of the vote. West European Politics, 40(3), 621-644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2016.1266187 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2016.1266187
Dazarola, G. (2020). Sanciones asociadas al voto obligatorio: experiencia extranjera. Biblioteca Nacional del Congreso de Chile.
Downs, A. (1957). An Economic Theory of Democracy. Harper and Row.
El Espectador (3 de septiembre 2013). De referendos, consultas y constituyentes. https://bityl.co/B05w
Ergun, S., Rivas, M. y Rossi, M. (2019). Satisfaction with democracy in Latin America: Do the characteristics of the political system matter? Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, (83). https://doi.org/10.13043/dys.83.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13043/dys.83.9
Flores, G. (2019). El voto en México: derecho y obligación del ciudadano, con sanción por incumplimiento [tesis de grado]. Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Occidente. https://bit.ly/3ozjPRR
Flórez, J. F. (2012). En contra del voto obligatorio. Revista Semana. https://bit. ly/3HMR4Yq
Flórez, J. F. (2016). La libertad como único fundamento de la libertad. Serie Documentos de trabajo n.o 71. Universidad Externado de Colombia.
Flórez, J. F. (2017). El dilema del voto obligatorio. El Tiempo. https://bit.ly/34Mu0KS
Flórez, J. F. (2019). Los factores determinantes del voto: por qué el voto obligatorio no es la solución al abstencionismo. Revista Republicana, 27(2019), 189- 210. https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2019.v27.a73 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21017/Rev.Repub.2019.v27.a73
Flórez, J. F. (2021). The Effects of Compulsory Voting on Latin American Democracies: Beyond Turnout and Normative Debates. (Artículo en proceso de publicación).
Fowler, A. (2013). Electoral and Policy Consequences of Voter Turnout: Evidence from Compulsory Voting in Australia. Quarterly Journal of Political Science, (8), 159-182. https://bit.ly/3DakJYU DOI: https://doi.org/10.1561/100.00012055
Gratschew, M. (2004). Compulsory Voting in Western Europe. In R. López y M. Gratschew, Voter Turnout in Western Europe Since 1945: A Regional Report (pp. 56-74). International IDEA.
Hill, L. (2014). Compulsory voting defended. En J. Brennan y L. Hill, Compulsory voting (111-223)
Irwin, G. (1974). Compulsory voting legislation: impact on voter turnout in the Netherlands. Comparative Political Studies, 7(3), 292-315. https://doi. org/10.1177%2F001041407400700302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001041407400700302
Jackman, S. (2001). Compulsory voting. En N. J. Smelser & B. Baltes (eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (pp. 16314-18). Elsevier. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01247-X
Jackson, R. A., Brown, R. D. y Wright, G. C. (1998). Registration, Turnout, and the Electoral Representativeness of U.S. State Electorates. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673X9802600301
American Politics Quarterly, 26(3):259-287. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1532673X9802600301
Jaitman, L. (2013). The Causal Effect of Compulsory Voting Laws on Turnout: Does Skill. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 92, 79-93. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2013.05.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2013.05.008
Julcarima, G., Tuñón, G. y Feierherd, G. (2019). Multas electorales, ausentismo y participación electoral en el Perú (2002-2018). En M. Valenzuela (coord.), Sanciones, multas y abstencionismo electoral en el Perú (pp. 137-176). Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales (ONPE).
Kostelka, F. y Blais, A. (2018). The Chicken and Egg Question: Satisfaction with Democracy and Voter Turnout. PS: Political Science & Politics, 51(2), 370- 376. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096517002050 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096517002050
Kouba, K. y Lysek, J. (2016). Institutional determinants of invalid voting in post- communist Europe and Latin America. Electoral Studies, 41(1), 92-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2015.11.021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2015.11.021
Lardy, H. (2004). Is there a right not to vote? Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 24(2), 303-321. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ojls/24.2.303
Leighley, J. y Nagler, J. Individual and systemic influences on turnout: Who votes? 1984. The Journal of Politics, 54(3), 718-740. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2132308
Lijphart, A. (1997). Unequal participation: Democracy’s Unresolved Dilemma. The American Political Science Review, 91(1), 1-14. https://doi. org/10.2307/2952255 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2952255
Mackenna, B. (2014). Cambia el juego: ¿cambian los jugadores? Wapor.
Martikainen, P., Martikainen, T. y Wass, H. (2005). The effect of socioeconomic factors on voter turnout in Finland: a register-based study of 2.9 milion voters. European Journal of Political Research, 44(5), 645-670. https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2005.00242.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2005.00242.x
Murray, D. (1998). Thailand’s recent electoral reforms. Electoral Studies 17(4), 525- 36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-3794(98)00007-9
Panagopoulos, C. (2008). The Calculus of Voting in Compulsory Voting Systems. Political Behavior, 30(4), 455-467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11109- 008-9058-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-008-9058-9
Rempel, H. (1976). On forcing people to be free. Ethics, 87(1), 18-34. https://bit. ly/3H92ip7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/292015
Reynolds, A. y Steenbergen, M. (2006). How the world votes: The political consequences of ballot design, innovation and manipulation. Electoral Studies, 25(3), 570-598. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2005.06.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2005.06.009
Rosema, M. (2007). Low turnout: Threat to democracy or blessing in disguise? Consequences of citizens’ varying tendencies to vote. Electoral Studies, 26, 612-623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2006.10.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2006.10.007
Rousseau (1966). Du contrat social. Classiques Garnier.
Saunders, B (2010). Increasing Turnout : A Compelling Case? Politics, 30(1), 70-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9256.2009.01368.x
Saunders, B (2011). The Democratic Turnout ‘Problem’, Political Studies, 60(2), 306-320. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2011.00914.x
Singh, S. (2016a). Compulsory Voting and Dissatisfaction with Democracy. British Journal of Political Science, 48(3), pp. 843-854. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S0007123416000041 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123416000041
Singh, S. (2016b). Elections as poorer reflections of preferences under compulsory voting. Electoral Studies, 44, 56-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. electstud.2016.08.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2016.08.005
Singh, S. (2014). Beyond Turnout: The Consequences of Compulsory Voting. Political Insight, 5 (2), 22-25. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-9066.12058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-9066.12058
Singh, S. y Roy, J. (2018). Compulsory voting and voter information seeking. Research and Politics, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1177 %2F2053168017751993 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2053168017751993
Stockemer, D., LaMontagne, B. y Scruggs, L. (2013). Bribes and ballots: The impact of corruption on voter turnout in democracies. International Political Science Review / Revue internationale de science politique, 34(1), 74-90. https://doi.org/10.1177 %2F0192512111419824 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512111419824
Tingsten, Herbert. (1937). Political Behavior: Studies in Election Statistics. London: P.S. King & Son.
Ungar, E. (2007). Lo bueno, lo malo y lo feo del voto obligatorio en Colombia: un debate inconcluso. En A. Fontaine, C. Larroulet, Viera-Gallo, J. A. e I. Walker, Modernización del régimen electoral chileno (pp. 211-217). Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo.
